Introduction ... Using Zod, you can define schemas you can use to validate data, from a simple string to a complex nested object.

Introduction to Zod - TypeScript-first schema validation library with static type inference

For complete documentation on Zod's schema API, refer to Defining schemas. Defining a schema ... Zod Zod Mini

The zod/v4 package is the "flagship" library of the Zod ecosystem. ... If you have uncommonly strict constraints around bundle size, consider Zod Mini.

Zod 4 release notes and new features including performance improvements and breaking changes

Complete API reference for all Zod schema types, methods, and validation features

In Zod 3, when the results were unmergable, Zod threw a ZodError with a special "invalid_intersection_types" issue. In Zod 4, this will throw a regular Error instead.

In other cases, you may have a set of Zod schemas you'd like to represent using multiple interlinked JSON Schemas, perhaps to write to .json files and serve from a web server.

TypeScript-first schema validation with static type inference

To avoid unexpected errors in your custom .refine() logic, Zod performs two "passes" during z.encode(). The first pass ensures the input type conforms to the expected type (no …