Symptoms usually start between the ages of 30 and 50, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine, as they did with RFK Jr. There are three types of spasmodic dysphonia: Adductor spasmodic dysphonia ...

Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a neurological disorder caused by dystonia (abnormal sustained muscle contraction) of the vocal cords, hence also referred to as “laryngeal dystonia”. Depending on the ...

There are three different types of the condition, with the most common type being Adductor spasmodic dysphonia. This condition causes “sudden involuntary spasms that trigger the vocal cords to ...

OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: To assess the effectiveness of type II thyroplasty with a titanium bridge in adductor spasmodic dysphonia (AdSD). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review, patient response ...

While there are various types, Kennedy was diagnosed with most common form of the condition, Adductor spasmodic dysphonia, which means the vocal folds stiffen and "slam" together causing the voice to ...

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. has a disorder called spasmodic dysphonia that makes it sound like his voice is shaking. He has said the neurological disease began to affect him when he was 42.

Spasmodic dysphonia affects up to 50,000 people in North America, and is a subset of dystonia, a muscle contraction disorder that can affect many parts of the body. In one type of vocal dystonia ...

Kennedy has a condition called spasmodic dysphonia, a neurological disorder that impacts the muscles in the voice box, also known as the larynx, according to the National Institute on Deafness and ...

That's the result of a rare neurological condition known as spasmodic dysphonia, which has afflicted Kennedy for decades. "I have a tremble in my voice … particularly when I first start talking ...